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to the first 3 classes brought in the Standards UNI EN 13779. The content of the two
standards continues in the same way, pointing out that the exact definition of the
category will depend on the type of sources of pollutants to take in consideration and
from the effects of these pollutants.
In all three Standards, methods recommended for getting a high quality of the indoor air
are all referable to the correct sizing of the fittings of ventilation. These systems must
guarantee to obtain an environmental and microclimatic comfort; besides systems must
guarantee a level of indoor polluting, perceivable and not, below recommended values,
made available by the scientific community or suitable in the guidelines published by
recognized corporate body with the purpose to minimize the induced damages to the
health of the occupants. Regulations point out as reference for the safeguard of the
comfort, the concentration of the dioxide of carbon or carbonic anhydride.
The UNI Standard 10339, continues pointing out as important operation the identification
of the pollutants inside the confined environments, trying to quantify them and to
characterize the type of source.
In the UNI EN Standard 13779, besides the method above suitable, are brought other
methods for the determination of the quality of the air, correlated essentially to the
number of courses of air for person, to the inside surface.
The UNI EN Standard 15251, defines in particular way the parameters and the
necessary criterions for the planning of the systems of ventilation and air conditioning.
For parameters that are necessary for the determination of the quality of the air, the
regulation points out to effect the analysis following how much suitable in the UNI EN
Standard 13779.
In this very uncertain normative reality, assumes extreme importance an accord
stipulated among the Ministry of the Health, Regions and Autonomous Provinces, to face
the problem of the indoor pollution in complete and detailed way. This accord has
brought to the publication, on September 27, 2001 of the "Guidelines for the safeguard
and the promotion of the health in the confined environments." This document is divided
in 3 parts including an introductory relation, the program of indoor prevention and the
strategic lines to get under way the program of indoor prevention.
The main goal of these guidelines is “the promotion and the implementation of the
initiatives of promotion of the health and prevention of risks that are present in the
"indoor" environment, in the national, regional, local sanitary planning, always following
the principle of subsidiarity and to create occasions of dialogue, of conducting and
coordination among different institutional organizational levels.”
It is also necessary to underline the contents of the conclusions of the guidelines where
it is affirmed that the indoor exposure to the greatest part of the considered pollutants
overcomes notably that outdoor. The pointed concentrations are generally superior from
1 to 5 times and the indoor exposure it is from 10 to 50 times superior in comparison to
the outdoor one.
The relation continues explaining the complications due to the exposure of any people's
category to these polluting agents, but above all for the weakest categories as elderly
and children, and consequences that these pollutants, linked to the climatic conditions of
the houses, can behave for the human health. From statistics and researches effected
for the layout of the guidelines, has also emerged as the indoor pollution has surely
contributed to the increasing of the incidence and prevalence of chronic respiratory
pathologies as asthma, and this has brought to the increase of their evolution in
pathologies more serious, invalidating and persistent, up to cause malignant tumors.
The pollution in the confined hospital environments and the reference regulation
The hospital represents an example of complex confined environment where many
specific pollutants are present (anesthetic gas, disinfectants, radiations, microorganisms),
connected to particular developed activities, besides common pollutants present in other
