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fertile ground the thematic of “build on built” and the BiPV, along with other
contemporary thematic linked to the technological innovation of the building envelope:
the process innovation, the seismic safety, the energy efficiency and eco-sustainability,
opened to a dialog and free from preconfigured schemes, in a vital synthesis of
«discipline and freedom, memory and invention, nature and technology».
The use of
photovoltaics shows to be able to overcome those prejudices which, taking as reference
the generally medium-low quality that characterizes the widespread use in construction,
have a tendency to consider solar modules or solar collectors, incompatible elements
with a good architecture, especially in sensitive contexts such as those in inquiry. The
BIPV within existing contexts, as opposed to the single building of ordinary heritage,
enters in a complex and peculiar relationship with
"the overall environmental value"
that
distinguishes the contour built and surrounding not built space; It relates, in the project,
with a whole consisting of the building tissues and numerous roads, streets and squares
of the settlement, which together form the unitary image of historic built, close linked with
the topography, morphology and, more generally, with the surrounding natural
environment.
The study of the strategies of integration of PV, so, before to refer to individual
constructive elements of the building envelope, is characterized by the ability to
investigate new forms of integration in a larger scale, so-called
"urban"
which includes
the open spaces, relation systems and margin areas. The same building-scale
integration, it must be expanded to the size of the
building "aggregate"
, defined by a
homogeneous unit of tissue built "autonomous" compared to the rest of the built
settlement (De Berardinis, Giovanni Bonomo 2011).
BIPV at “urban” scale. The opportunities from built tissues to the open spaces
Integrating at “urban-scale" shifts the emphasis from “material” and historical dimension
of the village to the landscape-environmental one. The integration
'on the edge'
, in
decentralized systems (valleys, gardens, walls ...) or auxiliary buildings, can provide
alternative solutions in areas particularly sensitive from the point of view of the urban
values. It's incontestable how the large installations become a real mark on the territory
that characterize the perception of landscape. The controversial issue of finding a
balance between the environmental values by preserving and self-producing energy,
both with sustainable purpose, is charged with a particular complexity coming into
conflict with aspects equally related someway to the same objective of rational use of
resources and environmental protection.
In areas with particular qualities (artistic, historic, environmental), often protected, the
application of photovoltaic systems requires a careful compatibility testing that often, as
an alternative to intervention, needs the development of a specific project with innovative
systems and a high degree of acceptability. Another possibility is covered by the
project
of the relation open spaces
that create other forms of urban compatibility to PV, like
urban furnishings, lighting, micro-climatic control of open spaces, furthermore through
punctual "micro-interventions".
One final possibility is in the use of the
streets and roads
of urban tissue: though, on
one hand, this theme converges on the planning of the urban networks of underground
services (tunnels, tunnels, district heating networks ...), to a broader and ambitious view
it could be declined to the project of real paths of " sustainability", rethinking the streets
as urban bioclimatic tunnels between the houses (a kind of buffer zone), able to interact
with the local weather conditions for control of microclimate and lighting, and to be
inhabited during different seasons, allowing to these rue a new functional, urban and
social role (De Berardinis, Giovanni Bonomo 2011).
