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allows automatic generation of the controlling file for the CAM system, which can
achieve a high level of factory automation.
2.2 Building Simulation Modeling
Figure 6: This ESP-r model of the sample house was created by hand-drawing on 2D floorplans
Traditional building energy modeling software such as IES and ESP-r, have complex
methods of creating buildings to be simulated for energy balances, and heating loads.
Particularly with ESP-r there is no 3D drawing tool, as with modern CAD systems, but
only textual input of coordinates, or drawing on 2D floor plans, where mistakes can
easily be made. By leveraging the existing BIM data into a simulation tool directly,
where relationships already exist between various room objects, including detailed
information down to the construction materials used for various wall layers (insulation,
etc.), highly accurate results can be obtained. Intermediary data structures such gbXML
are used to achieve this, but it would be useful to have these functions integrated in a
complete integrated BIM package for modular buildings using the meta-file format
discussed previously. In this way, Energy reports can be created as the building is being
designed instantly during design phases.
2.3 Building BIM Monitoring
Alahmad et al. (2010) have discussed integration of BIM with real-time power monitoring.
They had found that BIM in its current state cannot provide 'online information detailing'
and proposed a Real Time Power Monitoring System as a solution. The benefits of such
a system include creation of detailed energy-consumption databases and load profiles,
suitable for effective Demand Side Management (DSM). Therefore not only are these
monitoring benefits suitable for the user, who can access online feedback of
consumption of individual devices and control their own behaviour, but also for intelligent
systems that can optimise the energy management through smart grid networks. Such
a system goes beyond passive smart metering by implementing active energy
management. The system could monitor large energy consumers in the building and use
weather prediction and dynamic building simulation to anticipate occupant's needs and
apply optimal control strategies for energy efficient heating, lighting and other building
loads. Smart Meters alone cannot actively manage energy, requiring an energy
management system component to take advantage of the two-way communication to
reduce power consumption of devices. Self-reporting is also important for energy
analysis to verify energy performance in different phases of the building, permitting
