Z E M C H 2 0 1 2 I n t e r n a t i o n a l C o n f e r e n c e
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Table 1 Relevant documents and projectsto the framework of sustainability in urban areas.
Name
Type
Institution Responsible
Or Reference
Guiding Principles for Sustainable
Spatial
Development
of
the
European Continent (2000)
Diagnostic
Document
with
Proposals for Action
Council of Europe
Sustainable Urban Design: An
Enviromental Approach
Diagnostic
Document
with
Proposals for Action
Thomas, 2003
Urban Exchange Initiative II
Diagnostic
Document
with
Proposals for Action
Urban Exchange Initiative,
1999
European Urban Charter (1992)
Charter of Principles
Council of Europe
Aalborg’s Charter (1994)
Charter of Principles
International Council for
Local
Environmental
Initiatives
Indicators of Urban Environmental
Quality
Document
with
Proposed
Indicators
Partidário, 2000
Try
this
way:
Sustainable
Development at Local Level
Document with Proposals for
Action
European Council of Town
Planners, 2002
Sustainable European Cities (1996) Diagnostic
Document
with
Proposals for Action
EC, 1998
Source: Newman E Kenworthy, 1999.
Sustainable Urban Development
The notion o sustainable urban development brings with it some theoretical conflicts of
difficult resolution, one of these conflicts is between the concepts of urban and ambient.
Both notions are not static and have been modifying with time, necessitating its historical
conceptualization (COSTA 1999).
Henri Acselrad (1999) provides various approaches on the subject, such as economic,
political, techno-material relationship with the cities, the city as a place of quality of life
and legitimacy of urban policies.
Newman and Kenworthy (1999) define the concept of sustainability as:
a global political process while trying to congregate simultaneously, the biggest
necessities of our time: the necessity of economic development to eradicate the
poverty, the necessity of ambient protection of air, water, soil and biodiversity,
on which all depend in last instance, and of the necessity of social justice and
cultural diversity so that the local communities can express its values in
deciding such questions.
As it identifies in Fig. 1 below:
