Z E M C H 2 0 1 2 I n t e r n a t i o n a l C o n f e r e n c e
750
industrial activities, transportation and heating-cooling processes use a large amount of
energy that create very serious environmental pollution. Especially, environmental
pollution by using of fossil fuels brings the degeneration of earth, water, atmosphere and
the other natural sources (Wu et al 2008). These degenerations call forth the climatic
changes, destroy of ecosystems and the health of human-beings. As a result of these
negations brought the phrase cheap and clean energy using, instead of “cheap and easy
obtained energy”. Presently, the renewable energy sources are not used as satisfactory
level but it assumes that it will reach to satisfactory level in 20-25 years (Eguchi 2010).
After the industrial revolution, CO2 and the other gases emissions to the atmosphere
increased and they rose the earth temperature. When the earth temperature
measurements compared with the previous century, it showed that there is about 0.4
o
C–
0.8
o
C increase in the earth temperature. Particularly, this is increased more dramatically
in last three decades. In 2100, it is expected that the earth temperature will increase
about 1.0
o
C–3.5
o
C if the situation continues in that way (Dar et al 2011).
According to European Union reports; in ten years if the utilisation of renewable energy
sources increases to twice of present using, the CO
2
emissions will decrease about 402
million tonnes per year in Europe. In the United Nations, global warming conference has
drawn the figure that the clean and renewable energy using have to be at least 25% in
the total of energy demand. In the next three decades if the world does not reach to this
target, it will cause permanent climatic changes and uninhabitable areas which can be
serious problems for the sustainability of human-beings (FOE 2008).
According to World Energy Council reports, the direct using of fuels and the global
electricity production by renewable energy sources will have the percentages of 25%
and 60% respectively by 2025. In 21st century, renewable energy sources will have an
important role as an energy source instead of petrol and natural gas. As well as the
environmental impacts of fossil fuels, they will be limited amount and expensive to
achieve in the future. All of these negations in the world have to be considered and the
using of renewable energy sources will be the priority in the energy demand (Gursoy
2004).
In Cyprus, the importance of energy production and energy demand is also increased
per year like the other countries. Even in some periods of the year, there is not enough
energy production which creates a chaos on the island, particularly in summer periods.
In addition, in Southern Cyprus on 11th July 2011, there was a massive blast in the
naval base which is next to the largest power station on the island. The power station
was exploded and it meant that the power station, which was supplying the amount of
50% electricity in Southern Cyprus, did cut off the energy supply. The situation of the
power station is still same and there is an electricity agreement between Northern and
Southern Cyprus to decrease the energy crisis, however this is not enough to solve the
problem because in Northern Cyprus, there is also a serious electricity production
problem. It is really sorrowful situation that the Cyprus Island does not have a serious
plan to use renewable energy sources where there is a huge potential, especially in solar
energy.
Cyprus
Cyprus is the third largest island in the Mediterranean Sea and located at the Eastern
Mediterranean at 350 N and 330 E. Cyprus was divided into two parts since 1974 as
Northern part and Southern part because of inter communal and politic problems. The
negotiations are still continued to search for a solution. The total area of the island is
9251 km
2
and 3354 km
2
of it is in Northern Cyprus. Total estimated population is around
300,000 in Northern part and 800,000 in Southern part (Grove et al 2001). Southern part
is in the European Union and all the EU regulations are valid in Southern part. In
